How not to talk to your kids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How not to converse with your children - Essay Example The discoveries uncovered that kids who were commended by exertion exemplified improved execution; while those lauded by insight deteriorated. The method of reasoning for the result was clarified by Dweck, indeed: â€Å"Emphasizing exertion gives a kid a variable that they can control,† she clarifies. â€Å"They come to consider themselves to be in charge of their prosperity. Stressing common knowledge removes it from the child’s control, and it gives nothing but bad formula to reacting to a failure† (Bronson 2). One is along these lines essentially dazzled and interested by the dispute of Dweck and one’s various responses ran from skepticism, awe, lastly, surrendered to concur. There were different supporting thoughts that were approved through extensive research to set up believability to the contentions that were introduced in the article. One specific point that was esteemed to be of impressive significance was the method of reasoning for the result: by adulating kids dependent on exertion, they could generally apply more to accomplish more. Despite what might be expected, by commending kids dependent on insight, kids would be pigeonholed into that recognition and based future choices to fit in with this so chance taking is kept away from. For instance, one’s individual experience was watching my nephews who demonstrated impressive apathy in considering their exercises. At the point when their folks gave them acclaims, for example, â€Å"Hey folks, you are such savvy kids like you Dad. Go on and concentrate with the goal that you will keep up your great grades.† My nephews would answer: â€Å"We don't have to contemplate, Mom. We definitely know our lessons.† And thusly, the result of not considering was in like manner not fittingly tended to, regardless of whether they got passing marks, normal, or low grades. Unlike what was underlined by Bronson in the article that refered to in one of the trials led at Life Sciences where understudies were â€Å"predominantly minority and low achieving† (Bronson 2), the examination directed by

Mildred Pierce and the Domestic Role of Women in the 1930s Essay

Mildred Pierce and the Domestic Role of Women in the 1930's Women’s place in the public arena during the 1930’s was totally different contrasted with the job that ladies have in today’s society. Luckily, nowadays ladies are allowed to choose what kind of employments to have when to wed and when to have kids. Lamentably during the thirties ladies didn't have these decisions. As per Mary Kinnear in her book Daughter of Time, â€Å"In the United States the extent of ladies laborers occupied with proficient work expanded distinctly from 11.9 percent to 14.2 percent somewhere in the range of 1920 and 1940.† During this time, the job of housewives implied that they were answerable for a large portion of the family unit obligations and dealing with the youngsters. Ann Oakley said in her book Woman’s Work, â€Å"In the social picture of a lady, the jobs of spouse and mother are not particular from the job of housewife.† This was the job that the character Mildred Pierce played in the Mildred Pierce tale until she found that she could show improvement over being a housewife. Her ability in the kitchen turned into the resource for her prosperity. When Mildred found that she was acceptable in the kitchen, and uniquely at heating pies and cakes she accepting this as the primary chance to offer her cakes to her companions. The cakes that Mildred prepared were not the customary cakes that sold on the commercial center. Her cakes had the additional touch that caused individuals to respect them. They were so delightful and tasty that the requests expanded just as her certainty. She realized that preparing cakes could lead her to have a superior future as a specialist. Her subsequent open door came while working in a café where she realized this could be an incredible spot to get the chance to be known for her ability in preparing delic... ...her book Images of Women in American Popular Culture, â€Å"Many examiners concur that woman’s place was in the home, having and bringing kids and not up in the paid work force.† However, Mildred’s capacities to develop as a cook not just permitted her to prevail with regards to opening her first café, and in the long run transforming it into a gainful chain of cafés, yet it likewise made her one of a kind from ladies of this period. Works Cited Cain, James M. Mildred Pierce. New York: Random House, 1941. Deckard, Barbara S. The Women’s Movement. New York: Harper and line, 1975. Dorenkamp Angela G. Pictures of Women in American Popular Culture. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985. Kinnear, Mary. Little girls of Time. Michigan: The University of Michigan, 1982. Oakley, Ann. Woman’s Work. New York: Random House, 1974. www.otal.umd.edu/~vg/pictures/woman_in_kitchen_c.1937.jpg

BuSpar in the Treatment of Anxiety

BuSpar in the Treatment of Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Print How Is BuSpar Used as an Anxiety Treatment? By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on November 21, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Dosage Contraindications Interactions Adverse Effects Social Anxiety Disorder Alternatives View All BuSpar (buspirone hydrochloride [HCL]) is a medication used to treat generalized anxiety.?? BuSpar is not related chemically or pharmacologically to other anti-anxiety medications such as benzodiazepines or other sedatives. The effectiveness of BuSpar for treating generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has been established.?? Bristol-Meyers Squibb obtained approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1986 for use of buspirone (trade name BuSpar) to be used in the treatment of GAD. However, the patent expired in 2001 and buspirone is now sold as a generic drug. Verywell / Kelly Miller How BuSpar Works (Method of Action) Buspirone is from the azapirone class of medications, which includes other anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) and antipsychotic medications. BuSpar has effects on neurotransmitters in the brain such as serotonin and dopamine. Specifically, it is a serotonin receptor agonist, which means that it increases action at serotonin receptors in your brain, which in turn helps to alleviate anxiety. Buspirone is commonly used as an add-on to other medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for treatment of depression or anxiety, rather than a first-line treatment. BuSpar may also  be prescribed if other medications have been ineffective or involved too many side effects. It is most often prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder. Taking BuSpar BuSpar tablets should be taken consistently either with food or without. It is usually taken two or three times daily. The initial dose may be increased by 5 mg every 2 to 3 days, with a maximum dose that generally does not exceed 60 mg.?? Most patients respond to a dose in the range of 15 to 30 mg. BuSpar is slow acting, so it may take a few weeks to feel the effects.?? Your doctor will evaluate your situation and how you respond to the medication to determine the optimal length of time that you should take BuSpar. Typically, the medication is taken for several months up to a year. When your doctor decides that you should stop taking BuSpar, the dose will gradually be reduced, to help avoid potential effects of withdrawal. Who Shouldn’t Take BuSpar Buspar (buspirone hydrochloride) should not be taken by those with a hypersensitivity to the drug.?? Drug hypersensitivity refers to immune-mediated reactions to drugs, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. In cases of hypersensitivity, your doctor will discontinue the medication treatment.   Buspar should also be used with caution in persons with  compromised liver function or pre-existing medical conditions.?? Because removal of buspirone is mediated by liver enzymes, there may be increased blood concentrations of buspirone if the liver is not functioning normally. In addition, as buspirone can affect blood glucose levels, this is problematic for persons with diabetes. Buspar is not recommended for nursing mothers as there is evidence to suggest it may be secreted into breast milk.?? Its safety during pregnancy has also not been adequately studied. Medication Interactions BuSpar can potentially interact with numerous medications. The use of buspirone with  monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)  can result in increased blood pressure.?? In addition, medications that have action on liver enzymes, such as erythromycin, may increase or decrease concentrations of buspirone in the blood, which can lead to more side effects or a lack of effectiveness of the drug.?? For these reasons, it is important that your doctor is aware of all medications that you are taking before being prescribed BuSpar. In addition, it is best to avoid using alcohol while taking BuSpar.?? Mixing alcohol with BuSpar can lead to increased drowsiness and feeling lightheaded. More severe implications of this combination include problems with muscle control, memory, and breathing. Adverse Effects A range of adverse effects is possible when taking Buspar, including dizziness, nausea, headache, nervousness or excitement, and lightheadedness.?? Other more rare but potential adverse effects include the following: drowsiness, fatiguevomiting, upset stomach, stomach painconstipation, diarrheadry mouthdifficulty sleepingweakness, numbness?? The more common side effects are seen in about 10% of cases, while the rarer side effects are seen only in around 2% of people taking the medication.?? Side effects are more common when the medication is first taken and may lessen after a few weeks. Associated Risks Although BuSpar is less sedating than many other anxiety medications, use caution if driving, operating machinery or participating in hazardous activities. There is little risk of physical or psychological dependence on BuSpar, and the risk of overdose is low. BuSpar and Social Anxiety Disorder One small study from 1993 showed improvement after use of buspirone in a 12-week open trial with 17 patients with generalized social phobia based on DSM-III-R criteria (12 patients showed improvement).?? However, a double-blind placebo-controlled study of 30 patients with SAD in 1997 showed no improvement compared to placebo.?? These results suggest that buspirone as a single treatment option may not be helpful for social anxiety disorder that does not accompany other diagnoses. However, if you do not respond to other medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), buspirone may be an option to augment your current treatment plan.   Alternatives to BuSpar If BuSpar does not alleviate your anxiety or you are not able to take it due to a medical condition or medication interaction, your doctor can determine the best alternative medication or form of treatment for your situation. These might include benzodiazepines, SSRIs, or therapy such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Treatment Options for Generalized Anxiety Disorder A Word From Verywell If you have been prescribed BuSpar for anxiety, be sure to follow your doctors instructions and report any ill effects. If you find the medication is not making a difference in your symptoms after a few weeks, it might be worth asking your doctor whether another medication would be a better choice.

Climate Change Global Warming Essay - 1449 Words

Climate change is an urgent issue that is currently taking place. Climate change is increase of carbon dioxide, as a result of the use of fossil fuels and other factors. Climate change can also be portrayed as global warming, which includes severe weather, and excesses of rain or heat waves. Even though there has been means of addressing climate change, not much has been done in the government to minimize it. Climate change affects businesses, the environment, government, and can be diminished. The changes in the climate greatly affects production levels of food, and modes of transportation that ultimately harms businesses and the environment. Global warming causes stronger droughts and forest fires in certain places, while on other areas of the world there are heavier rains and floods. Climate change is known to have â€Å"adverse consequences such as the melting of glaciers and polar ice caps, leading to rising sea levels† (The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), which creates the disappearance of regions near the ocean and extinguishes species from their habitats and the displacement of millions of people. In addition, rising sea levels also threatens crop production and aquaculture, as well as, the livelihood and food security of many delta inhabitants. For instance, due to abnormal droughts, there may be lack of water in the soil that is used to harvest or cultivating aquatic animals. Also, mass extinctions of more than half the species on the planet,Show MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words   |  4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earth’s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. The rise in the earth’s temperature has caused some impact to the weather and climate changes to many places worldwide. This rise in temperature has the potential of causing drastic changes to the earth in many ways. It is time to view the global warming concernsRead MoreClimate Change Of Global Warming924 Words   |  4 Pages Figure 0.1 shows the different effects of global warming. Global warming is the warming of our planet at an extreme rate. The Earth’s climate has warmed by 7.8OC since 1880. (Quick facts about science, 2015). What causes global warming? The cause of global warming is the carbon dioxide. This acts like a blanket. Protecting the earth, and heating the earth. Sun rays would normally bounce around the earth, but with the blanket, the sun rays heat the blanket which heats the earth. (Petersen ScienceRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1398 Words   |  6 Pages Global warming and climate change have been frequent topics of discussion over the past several years. Although people tend to focus on the politics, it is important to look past the media aspects of it into the cold hard facts of what our Earth is currently experiencing, and what has caused it in the first place. The cause of climate change includes natural causes, but human causes are what is generating such a rapid global temperature change. It’s time that the ways in which humanity affectsRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1060 Words   |  5 PagesClimate change (Klaus) 1000 The terms â€Å"global warming†, â€Å"climate change† or â€Å"greenhouse effect† have become more than just parts of the popular lexicon as they rather are subject of public discussions, scientific research or political debates. Despite the popularity and the ubiquity of these terms, the public’s theoretical and conceptual understanding of them and their causal relations is often based on superficial knowledge and buzzwords or caricatures outlined and depicted in several popular mediaRead MoreClimate Change : Global Warming1194 Words   |  5 PagesDonya Curtis April 19, 2017 English 1001-rough draft Global Warming Global warming is one facet of the broader term climate change. It is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth s surface air and oceans from the mid 20th century and the projected continuation. The Global warming is primarily the consequence of building up greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. Emission rates for most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, CO2, have increased 120 fold in the past 140 years. WhileRead MoreClimate Change and Global Warming1074 Words   |  5 PagesClimate change and Global Warming are out of control. This means that, no matter what policies, processes or actions are implemented, the Earth as we know it will never be the same again. There is significant evidence to support this hypothesis. The dilemma becomes whether we can limit the damage and adapt to a new status quo or not. Rising sea levels and the damage caused by this phenomenon has irreversible impacts on coastlines worldwide. Damage to sensitive reef systems cannot be fixed. This alsoRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1022 Words   |  5 PagesWhat = Climate Change Who = Emma, Aoife, Julia, Rachael, Mariah and Cà ©line What is it? Climate Change is a change in the demographic distribution of weather patterns, and related change in oceans, land surfaces and ice sheets, happening over time scales of decades or longer. It’s the world’s greatest threat. Climate change is the change in temperature over a period of time. It involves the greenhouse effect and global warming. Where is it? It is an issue affecting everyone everywhere. ClimateRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1474 Words   |  6 Pagesphenomenon, known as â€Å"smog† became an often daily occurrence in big, urbanized cites across the globe. Also, Al Gore’s book, An Inconvenient Truth, popularized the issue of climate change and global warming as a result of the damage that the modern world has done to the atmosphere. He noted that people resist the facts about climate change due to the inconvenience of changing their lifestyles. But, uninhibited industrialization of several countries has led to intense modernization and revolution of theRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming928 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will discuss climate change and global warming on the economy. The paper also gives a description on climate change and global warming. As well as what it hold for future business owners. It will also discuss what the government is doing about climate change/global warming. Climate change is a long-term shift in the statistics of the weather (including its averages). For example, it could show up as a change in climate normal (expected average values for temperature and precipitation)Read MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1630 Words   |  7 PagesClimate Related Threats Global warming will lead to uncontrollable devastation such as famine, war, and economic instability. Climate change will accelerate the dislocation of hundreds of millions of people and the extinction of many species. The negative effects of climate change are obvious on every continent. Professor Le Quere, director of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of East Anglia said, The human influence on climate change is clear. The atmosphere and

Team Communication Essay example - 1141 Words

Team communication is vital in many aspects of our professions. It is human nature to coexist with others in various roles: be it in the military, emergency medicine, football, or even school. The American Heritage Dictionary (n.d.) defines communication as the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, signals, writing, or behavior. While serving in the United States Armed Forces, service members have to learn to take orders from those that are ranked higher than themselves. But it is also critical to be able to listen to those who are subordinates as well. The team concept and bonding with fellow sailors, Marines, soldiers, or airmen can be the difference between life and death. When out at sea on a ship there†¦show more content†¦But many times, emergency medicine may be initialized by emergency medical technicians, paramedics, firefighters, or police officers in the field. Many of the communication tools used in the emergency room have to be incorporated by these first responders. A massive team effort is required at times between various departments when dealing with a medical emergency outside of a hospital setting. Many times, the police arrive to an emergency first. They may be required to perform CPR until the paramedics with the fire department arrive. Once they get to the scene, they w ill take over most emergency functions, but will need a report from the officers detailing what they found and how many cycles of CPR they have performed. The paramedics will determine whether they need to transport the patient to the nearest hospital by ambulance or, in an extreme emergency, by medical helicopter. Once the crew arrives at the emergency room, the paramedics must give their report to the hospital staff so that they can take over and perform their life-saving duties. Football teams must communicate on a regular basis on offense, defense, special teams, and within the coaching ranks. On offense, the offensive coordinator will relay a play for the offense to the quarterback. He in turn will relate saidShow MoreRelatedTeam Communication Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesTeam Communication Teamwork is very important when it comes to good communication skills. It has been said that effective communication skills empower an individual to inspire and influence others in order to reach the desired outcome, no matter how difficult the situation may appear to be. Anyone who has an open view about all things can give that information to another person and be able to explain why they feel the way they feel. And it can be possible that he/she are able to convince theRead MoreCommunication in Virtual Team1524 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment 1 Communication in Virtual Team Capella University September 26, 2013 Communication Communication is the activity of conveying information though the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information by speech, visuals, signals, writings or behaviors (Grosse, 2002). These processes are done over time, culture, and geographic boundaries, while this has become a common practice for organizations and has give rise to the concept of globally dispersed teams known as virtual teams (LaLondeRead MoreTeam Communication Skills1014 Words   |  4 PagesTeam Communication Skills In addition to good individual communication skills, the team itself needs to form communication skills. Cohen (2008) looks in detail of the communication skills the team should establish for good overall communication. In addition, the article also goes to explain how commutation plays a role in conflict resolution, and what group rules the team should create when conflict occurs. As a team, creating a protocol for conflict management is important. This includes how theRead More Communications in Team Environments1284 Words   |  6 PagesCommunications Communication within a collaborative team can be a one to one, one to many, or many to many. Either way, communication is a vital component in maintaining a non-hostile environment of a collaborative team. The objective of communication is to share thoughts, ideas, and feelings in the most common and effective way as possible. Communication is defined as an exchange of information and the transmission of meaning. During the Industrial Revolution age, messenger verbally deliveredRead MoreTeam Communication Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesTeam Communication Abstract Having a team is harder than working alone. Every member of their own way on how they understand when people are communicating and how they communicate with others. Observing different types of teams, whether its football or in a business atmosphere, they all have the same sort of habits that make them successful. Small things such as, leadership, trust, and how you communicate are key components of many team successes. Team Communication: Keys to a SuccessfulRead MoreThe Importance of Team Communication Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance 1 Running head: THE IMPORTANCE OF TEAM COMMUNICATION The Importance of Team Communication The Importance 2 Abstract This paper will discuss the importance of effective communication among teams whether in a professional or educational setting. The intended information will create a broader understanding of how team members establish communication: assigning a leader, what each member is expected to do in order to achieve the desired goal or goals and attainRead MoreCommunication Challenges in Global Virtual Teams3258 Words   |  14 PagesCommunication Challenges in Building Successful Global Virtual Teams Due to Diversity and Cultural Differences Abstract This paper introduces an approach to effectively communicate within a global virtual team by discussing the challenges faced by them, understanding cultural differences in communicating, diversity within a team, building trust in virtual communication, and communicating across different regions and time zones. This approach appears in many discussions surrounding the difficultiesRead MoreEssay on Effective Team Communication1783 Words   |  8 PagesEffective Team Communication In the environment today, it is not unusual to see people working in teams to accomplish certain goals and tasks. During our youth, parents and teachers encourage us through various methods to work as part of a team. Whether a sports team, classroom team, or after school activities, parents and teachers and other authority figures start the introduction of working in teams and teaching the value of being able to work together to accomplish a common goal. As peopleRead MoreThe Importance Of Team Communication Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesof this paper is to show how communication is a very vital and important factor in a team’s success. I will cover how it helps to identify each individual team member’s role. I will discuss how team communication helps everyone in the team to understand the end goal, and I will also discuss how communication is a vital part of project planning within the team. The Importance of Team Communication Team dynamics is the unseen force that pulls and influences a team to act and react in a certainRead MoreWhat Makes A Better Systems Of Communication Within Sports Teams1741 Words   |  7 Pagessports team, are often won by the same few teams over and over and over again, but people have difficulty understanding why. What makes certain teams so successful? Sports teams have long wondered what is the best way to become and stay competitive at high levels of competition. Teams are always looking to improve and reach that next level. Vast amounts of money are paid to improve sports teams, and many businesses base their models of work on professional athletics. I will be discussing a team today

The Crucible Essay Free Essays

When you’re scared, sometimes it’s hard to go with your gut feeling, right? It may be hard to stick up for yourself, or stand up for what is right. This is the feeling most of The Crucible characters probably felt. Reverend Parris, Abigail Williams, and John Proctor are good examples of how fear and hysteria can destroy good judgment. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reverend Parris had one of the most difficult times with keeping his good judgment, especially since he was supposed to be leading the church in Salem. Since nobody in the town really liked Parris anyways, when rumors started spreading about his daughter and niece using witchcraft, he came to be terrified. He thought they would try to over throw him as minister. Parris did anything he could to save his reputation such as interfering with the trials. This concludes why, in the end, Reverend Parris can never succeed in being a good person. Abigail Williams is similar to Parris in the fact that she is scared out of her mind. Even before the story even started, there was chaos with her. Having an affair with john proctor made her scared about her job and his wife, Elizabeth. Her good judgment was destroyed at this point because then she goes out into the woods with other girls and performs witchcraft. Then when she was accused of it, she lies and blames other people of the town, instead of owning up to it. Not to mention why she was doing the witchcraft to begin with, to kill Elizabeth Proctor essay writer for you. She did all of this because she was scared. Last but not least is John Proctor. Again, after he had an affair with Abigail Williams, he became frightened for many reasons. He didn’t like that he was now titled a hypocrite, and he was scared of his wife finding out. This destroys his good judgment because now, he is lying about everything. In the end, however, John Proctor confesses to the affair and is forgiven, which is a good example for everyone. John dies with a clean slate. In conclusion, The Crucible shows the effects of fear on a society. When one is scared of losing their position or rank, like Reverend Parris, it disables them to succeed. Also, when one is desperate for attention, then one acts out and loses control. Finally, however, some are able to face fear head on by staying strong even unto death, like John Proctor. How to cite The Crucible Essay, Essays

Medieval News Essays - English Grammar, Shall And Will, Verbs

Medieval News New Laws of William the Conqueror to be used. The new laws made by William the conqueror, King of the English, shall be put into place on Sunday. The new laws set by his Majesty are as follows: 1. First that above all things he wishes one God to be revered throughout his whole realm, one faith in Christ to be kept ever inviolate, and peace and security to be preserved between English and Normans. 2.We decree also that every freeman shall affirm by oath and compact that he will be loyal to king William both within and without England, that he will preserve with him his lands and honor with all fidelity and defend him against his enemies. 3.I will, moreover, that all the men I have brought with me, or who have come after me, shall be protected by my peace and shall dwell in quiet. And if any one of them shall be slain, let the lord of his murderer seize him within five days, if he can; but if he cannot, let him pay me 46 marks of silver so long as his substance avails. And when his substance is exhausted, let the whole hundred in which the murder took place pay what remains in common. 4.And let every Frenchman who, in the time of King Edward, my kinsman, was a sharer in the customs of the English; pay what they call "scot and lot", according to the laws of the English. This decree was ordained in the city of Gloucester. 5.We forbid also that any live cattle shall be bought or sold for money except within cities, and this shall be done before three faithful witnesses; nor even anything old without surety and warrant. But if anyone shall do otherwise, let him pay once, and afterwards a second time for a fine. 6.It was decreed there that if a Frenchman shall charge an Englishman with perjury or murder or theft or homicide or "ran", as the English call open rapine which cannot be denied, the Englishman may defend himself, as he shall prefer, either by the ordeal of hot iron or by wager of battle. But if the Englishman be infirm, let him find another who will take his place. If one of them shall be vanquished, he shall pay a fine of 40 shillings to the king. If an Englishman shall charge a Frenchman and be unwilling to prove his accusation either by ordeal or by wager of battle, I will, nevertheless, that the Frenchman shall acquit himself by a valid oath. 7.This also I command and will, that all shall have and hold the law of the king Edward in respect of their lands and all their possessions, with the addition of those decrees I have ordained for the welfare of the English people. 8. Every man who wishes to be considered a freeman shall be in pledge so that his surety shall hold him and hand him over to justice if he shall offend in any way. And if any such shall escape, let his sureties see to it that they pay forthwith what is charge against him, and let them clear themselves of any complicity in his escape. Let recourse be had to the hundred and shire courts as our predecessors decreed. And those who ought of right to come and are unwilling to appear, shall be summoned once; and if for the second time they refuse to come, one ox shall be taken from them, and they shall be summoned a third time. And if they do not come the third time, a second ox shall be taken from them. But if they do not come the fourth summons, the man who is unwilling to come shall forfeit from his goods the amount of the charge against him --"ceapgeld" as it is called -- and in addition to this a fine to the king. 9. I prohibit the sale of any man by another outside the country on pain of fine to be paid in full to me. 10. I also forbid that anyone shall be slain or hanged for any fault, but let his eyes be put out and let him be castrated. And this command shall not